Charlotte Brontes Childhood Influences to Become a Writer :: Charlotte Bronte Author Essays

Charlotte Brontes Childhood Influences to Become a WriterCharlotte was born to in 1816 in Yorkshire to Patrick Bronte and hiswife. She was one of six children, an aver periodd size family in thosedays. The family were moved to Haworth (a small village in the westYorkshire moors) in 1820. Sadly a year later Mrs Bronte died leavingthe six children in her sisters tutelage. Charlotte had to head with thedeath of a mother when she was very young and the death of her twoelder sisters a few eld later. She had to learn to care for herselfand to be much independent. This may have helped Charlotte to be ableto empathise with the feelings that arise when somebody dies. In lateryears she was indeed able to use these feeling in her novels. Having tobe independent may have helped her to be able to make up the characterJane Eyre as she was in a similar situation to as Charlotte, having tolearn to care for herself and having to cope with the death of aparent.In 1824 Charlotte was sent to boardi ng school with three of her foursisters. The appalling conditions at the school had a long term affecton the two elder sisters and this is where Maria and Louisa died.After the death of Maria and Louisa Charlottes father brought all hischildren home. Charlotte made this school the place for Lowoodinstitute in Jane Eyre. So although she had been through horribletimes she was able to use them to her advantage.After their mother and two eldest children had died, Charlotte wasleft with her sisters Emily and Anne and brother Branwell to the careof their father, and their strict, religious aunt, Elisabeth Branwell.The children created imaginary kingdoms, which were built aroundBranwells toy soldiers, and which inspired them to write storiesabout the fantasylands of Angria and Gondal. Charlotte had a very bigimagination at an early age and having a brother and sister thatshared this imagination helped her to expand on it. All of Mr Bronteschildren were encouraged to read widely.The Bronte children were avidreaders and they loved to make up stories and then share them witheach other.In later life Charlotte started a new school and after she had leftthe school she then returned to it a few years later as a teacher. Shewas able to practice her writing skills and learn how to teach them toothers. In 1841 Charlotte became a pupil at the Maison deducationpour les jeunes, in Brussels.

Essay --

Throughout the annals of humanity, there have been two predominant groups in a parliamentary law. The first-year group is made up of individuals who possess the power to define the proper characteristics of those who belong into the dominant group. The secondary groups of people are referred to as the others. The other is aught more than a mere social construct developed by the dominant party to either exclude or subordinate the groups of people who do not fit the normal characteristics or mores of the dominant group in their respective society. This process is dehumanizing, and these appellations create social barriers that inhibit the growth and evolution of society. Othering is a very insidious process that defies the human conscience. Furthermore, this process has perpetuated xenophobia, gender discrimination, genocide, and various other crimes against the dignity of humankind. Creating others does nothing to advance the human species. Instead this application of anti-Semite( prenominal) sets has separated humans from one another. These barriers and constructs have been used to justify slavery, genocide, gender discrimination, apartheid, and various other atrocities. The first step in creating an other is stripping a person of their humanity. This process is gradual, and it is not noticeable. It only takes one pejorative term to initiate this process. Once a negative thought about an individual or a group of people coalesces then the other is created. By separating humans into different constructs and groups, the apathy and prejudice of disenfranchised group grows over time. Once the label and construct is firmly established the humanity of the stigmatized group is expunged. This paves the way for discrimination, and hate to suffuse ... ... proved to be a severe detriment to human society in terms of not only gender equality, but racial and spectral equality as well. Racial and religious constructs are artificial, Race and religious belief was determ ined by the dominant society. The dominant group chose the racial characteristics that were favorable, and the people who did not possess these characteristics were marginalized. The dominant group also embraced a certain religious creed that reinforced their morals and standards. The individuals who did possess these characteristics were now considered an other. Othering allowed for the justification for the Holocaust, the Bosnian genocide, imperialism, slavery, and other heinous practices. The groups of people that possessed a different scrape up color, religion, culture, morals, and other traits were subjected to the greatest evils, because they were dehumanized.

the simpsons :: essays research papers fc

When Matt Groening and James L. Brooks created The Simpsons, a cartoon, family, they had no idea that it would become as big as it has now. in that respect are many reasons the show has become very popular with the American public. Dumb and simple humor makes in enjoyable for people on all levels, and for the more sophisticated audience, there is some political satire in the show. It all started 1987, when Groening and Brooks created short cartoons for the Tracey Ullman show. If you were to compare these shorts to todays show, there is a major difference in the quality of the show and the plots. This is due to better technology, more money, and a change in the things that can be say on television. (Groening) The show features five main characters. As stated by the shows title, they are the Simpson family. The father, Homer, has had a very eventful life. Even though he is not very smart, he has led a life that is envied by many in Springfield. His job is the Nuclear Safety Inspec tor at the Springfield Power Plant. He has met presidents Gerry Ford, George Bush, and Bill Clinton, been an astronaut, and met bands such as the Who, the Smashing Pumpkins, U2, the Red Hot Chili Peppers, and REM, been a professional baseball mascot and numerous another(prenominal) jobs. His wife Marge has not led as an exciting life as Homer. She spends most of her time taking care of their three children, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie, and playing gage fiddle in many of Homers adventures. Bart has become a 1990s version of Dennis the Menace. He carries a slingshot in his back off pocket and likes to cause havoc for his teachers and his father. Lisa is the brightest of the children. She has straight As in the second grade, plays first chair saxophone, but is more like her mother, not acquire involved in many adventures. Maggie is the baby and is mostly there to complete the family. (Holtz)The first full length episode was on December 17, 1989. This was the Christmas special empower S impsons Roasting on an Open Fire. The plot of this episode is that Bart gets a tattoo and Marge has to spend the familys Christmas money getting it removed. She planned on having Homers Christmas bonus to buy presents with but he finds out that bonuses wont be given out that year.

Analysis of Hazlitts Article on Travel :: Literary Analysis Travel Essays Papers

Analysis of Hazlitts Article on TravelHazlitts article on travel advocates the benefits of solo travel within ones own country. His affection for travel is strong. He calls going on a journey one of the pleasantest things in the world. Hazlitt stresses that solitude while on a journey is a must, saying genius is company enough for me, and I am never less alone than when alone. Hazlitt insists that sharing in the experience of temper with a companion takes past(p) from the sensory experience of it. He asserts bluntly I cannot see the wit of walking and talking at the same time. He believes conversation distracts from the scenery, and that nature does not need to be discussed, only experienced. To tale about the scene while experiencing it diminishes it and takes away from its immediate beauty. Scenery is not to be negotiated. Everyone will confuse their own unique experience of nature, and since each experience is personal it is futile to compare experiences. Hazlitt says The con tinual comparing of notes interferes with the involuntary impression of things upon the mind, and hurts the sentiment. His view opposes that of Alphonse Frankenstein, who urges higher-up to take a family tour of the Chamounix, insisting that companionship in the experience compounds its remedial value. But Hazlitt seeks exemption from fellow men when he journeys. He says the understanding of a journey is liberty...to think, feel, do, just as one pleases. When experiencing nature in solitude, Hazlitt is able to appreciate it to its full extent by becoming one with nature. He says when i am in the country i wish to vegetate like the country. A journey should be a time of freedom and peace, away from all things associated with city life. When travelling alone you are a creature of the moment...free of all ties. A journey can provide a slight breathing space to refresh and revitalize a person. When on a journey, Hazlitt says he begins to feel, think and be myself again. He finds joy in subsisting while in nature Give me the clear blue sky over my head, and the green turf beneath my feet...I laugh, I run, I leap, I blether for joy. Hazlitts language describes the experience as being cathartic, like a return to the innocence of childhood. Hazlitt says the freedom found in nature comes from being away from people, and allowing the mind to rest.

Reason and Religion in Fulgens and Lucres Essay -- Fulgens Lucres

Reason and Religion in Fulgens and Lucres Seeing that the main purpose of college is to educate, perhaps the college administration might take a lesson from the 16th Century people of England and host a fantastic dinner carry in the fashion of Medwalls famous, Fulgens and Lucres. This interlude, small in cast members but big on Humanism, demanded that each smasher take an active role in the performance the play, though covering many morals and ideologies, focused on the everyday interaction between the cardinal seemingly opposite poles of religion and designer. Though poising as mere dinner entertainment, Fulgens and Lucres served the goal of enlightening its audience toward the apex of the English Renaissance - the need to conjoin reason and religion within the life of each and every person. Before one can ponder over the relationship between reason and religion, a person must first receive the appropriate education. As Sir Thomas Wyatt, Erasmus, and Sir Thomas More, the last being possibly an actor in this very play during his youth, claim throughout their works and letters, the key aspect to being a decent, contributing member of society rests in the pages of books, dwells within the classroom, and glitters on the lens of a telescope knowledge undeniably holds the key to developing a logical, autonomous human being. In his Book of the Governour, Wyatt developed his own theory as to the proper raising of a young boy so he could someday attain to reach a position in the royal court. Although, he ludicrously clamored for the importance of a nurses milk to the young infant and complete isolation from women during a boys studies, Wyatt declares, a tutor should be provided, (Wyatt 43) to the bo... ... Medwall raises the antey up a notch though, and proclaims that reason without religion ordain serve no justice. Reason, when kept in check by religious beliefs, will, just like Lucres and Gayus, make for the perfect marriage and will guide the educated person down the path of enlightenment and true knowledge. Works Cited and Consulted Baskerville, Charles R. 1927. Conventional Features of Medwalls Fulgens and Lucres. Modern Philology 24 419-42. Colley, J. S. 1975. Fulgens and Lucres Politics and Aesthetics. Zeitschrift fr Anglistik und Amerikanistik 23 322-30. Jones, Robert C. 1971. The Stage and the Real World in Medwalls Fulgens and Lucres. Modern Language Quarterly 32 131-42. Medwall, Henry. 1926. Fulgens & Lucres A Fifteenth-Century Secular Play. Edited by F. S. Boas and A. W. Reed. Oxford Clarendon Press.

Pepsin and Protein Essay -- Papers

Pepsin and Protein Question Is the rate at which Pepsin digests protein affected by temperature? Prediction I predict that it is affected by temperature. The optimum temperature will be amid 30C and 40C. This is because the average human body temperature is 37C. At 0-20C (which includes the groups 0-10 and 10-20) the pepsin will not digest the protein for a long time. This is because it is a too cold environment for the enzyme to work most effectively and quickly. At 20-30C the pepsin will work slightly more quickly than at 0-20, plainly not as well as at 30-40, because it is reaching the optimum temperature, though it is not quite there yet. At the higher temperatures (i.e. 40-70C) the enzymes will not work as well. You may think that, using the pattern up to 30-40C, the higher the temperature, the quicker pepsin works. But this is not the case because when it gets too hot, the enzymes start to withdraw their shape. Enzymes use a very precise lock and mention method to digest food. For example pepsin, which is a protease enzyme, has a shape exclusive for digesting protein molecules, and as soon as it falsifys its shape (in this case due to heat) it cannot digest the molecule it was originally designed to digest. Once it has changed shape it cannot change back again. The lock and key is demonstrated below with diagrams. The pepsin molecule locks onto the Glucose molecules are very glucose molecule and breaks it complex but they still need down into smaller particles. specially designed enzymes that arrest the molecules perfectly to break them down. If the temperature is too high and the enzyme changes ... ...ironment pepsin works quickest in. (see prediction). The independent variable will be the temperature range - 0-70C in jumps of 10C.This is what to change for the investigation. Nothing else must change, because then it would be an unfair test. The dependant variable will be the rate at which pepsin digests the egg ovalbumin suspension - in other words how long the mixture takes to go clear. This will give you the results. For a fair test the controlled variables will be the amount of egg white suspension (25cm), the amount of pepsin (5cm) and the amount of hydrochloric acid (5 drops from the pipette) used. Also how often the mixture is checked will be a controlled variable. To make the results as accurate and trusty as possible, each temperature range will be repeated 5 times, and an average will be taken.

Pepsin and Protein Essay -- Papers

Pepsin and Protein Question Is the rate at which Pepsin digests protein affected by temperature? Prediction I predict that it is affected by temperature. The optimum temperature pull up stakes be between 30C and 40C. This is because the average human body temperature is 37C. At 0-20C (which includes the groups 0-10 and 10-20) the pepsin will non digest the protein for a long time. This is because it is a too cold environment for the enzyme to work most effectively and quickly. At 20-30C the pepsin will work pretty more quickly than at 0-20, but not as well as at 30-40, because it is reaching the optimum temperature, though it is not quite in that location yet. At the higher temperatures (i.e. 40-70C) the enzymes will not work as well. You may think that, using the pattern up to 30-40C, the higher the temperature, the quicker pepsin works. But this is not the case because when it gets too hot, the enzymes start to lose their physical body. Enzymes use a very precise lock and key method to digest food. For example pepsin, which is a proteinase enzyme, has a shape exclusive for digesting protein molecules, and as soon as it changes its shape (in this case due to heat) it cannot digest the molecule it was originally designed to digest. Once it has changed shape it cannot change back again. The lock and key is demonstrated below with diagrams. The pepsin molecule locks onto the Glucose molecules are very glucose molecule and breaks it complex but they still need shore into smaller particles. specially designed enzymes that fit the molecules perfectly to break them down. If the temperature is too high and the enzyme changes ... ...ironment pepsin works quickest in. (see prediction). The independent variable will be the temperature deviate - 0-70C in jumps of 10C.This is what to change for the investigation. Nothing else must change, because then it would be an unfair test. The dependant variabl e will be the rate at which pepsin digests the egg white suspension - in other words how long the mixture takes to go clear. This will give you the results. For a fair test the controlled variables will be the amount of egg white suspension (25cm), the amount of pepsin (5cm) and the amount of hydrochloric acid (5 drops from the pipette) used. Also how often the mixture is checked will be a controlled variable. To make the results as accurate and reliable as possible, each temperature range will be repeated 5 times, and an average will be taken.

Black House Chapter Twenty-nine

29YOU GUYS READY? Dale asks.Aw, public, I dont k direct, Doc says. This isnt the fifth clip hes said it, maybe not even the fifteenth. Hes pale, almost hyperventilating. The four of them argon in a Winnebago amiable of a rolling green style that has been set up on the edge of La Follette Park. Nearby is the podium on which theyll arrange (al representations assuming Doc empennage keep his legs nether him) and deliver their carefully crafted answers. On the slope running d declare to the broad river are gathered close four hundred news great deal, plus camera crews from six American networks and God knows how many foreign stations. The gentlemen of the iron arent in the instaurationly concerns best mood, because the prime space in campaign of the podium has been reserved for a representative sampling (drawn by lottery) of french Landings residents. This was Dales one ironclad demand for the press multitude.The desire for the press conference itself came from rascal S awyer.Mellow discover, Doc, Beezer says. He looks bigger than ever in his gray linen slacks and open-collared white shirt almost equivalent a bear in a tuxedo. He has even made an effort to comb his acres of h bank line. And if you re completelyy think youre going to do one of the lead Ps piss, puke, or pass aside stay here.Nah, Doc says miserably. In for a penny, in for a fuckin pound. If were gonna give it a try, lets give it a try.Dale, resplendent in his dress uniform, looks at shit. The latter is if anything more resplendent in his gray passweight suit and dark blue silk tie. A matching blue handkerchief pokes from the titmouse pocket of his coat. You sure this is the right thing? cocksucker is completely sure. Its not a matter of refusing to completelyow Sarah Gilbertsons Color Posse to steal the limelight its a matter of making certain that his old friend is in an unassailable position. He can do this by telling a very bare(a) story, which the cardinal former(a) m en forget back up. Ty will do the same, sea dog is confident. The story is this seafarers other old friend, the late Henry Leyden, figured out the Fishermans identity from the 911 tape. This tape was supplied by Dale, his nephew. The Fisherman killed Henry, even so not before the heroic Mr. Leyden had mortally wounded him and passed his name to the police. ( manual laborers other interest in this press conference, understood suddenly and supported completely by Dale, is to make sure Henry gets the credit he deserves.) An examination of French Landing property records and plats bring out the fact that Charles Burnside owned a house on Highway 35, not far out of town. Dale deputized darn and two widebodies who safe happened to be in the vicinity (that would be Messrs. Amberson and St. Pierre), and they went on out there.From that point on, Jack told his friends repeatedly in the solar days leading up to the press conference, its vital that you mean the three subaltern rec iprocations that lead to most acquittals in criminal trials. And what are those words? ?I cant remember, Dale said.Jack nodded. Right. If you dont wear a story to remember, the bastards can neer trip you up. There was something in the air inside that place No lie, Beezer rumbled, and grimaced. and it messed us up. What we do remember is thisTy Marshall was in the backyard, handcuffed to the clothesline whirligig. Before Beezer St. Pierre and Jack Sawyer slipped through the police barricades and vaporized Black House with plastic explosive, one reporter got out there and took numerous pictures. We know which reporter it was, of dustup Wendell Green has utmostly realized his dreams of fame and fortune.And Burnside was dead at his feet, Beezer said.Right. With the key to the handcuffs in his pocket. Dale, you found that and released the son. There were a few other kids in the backyard, solely as to how many We dont remember, Doc said.As to their sexes A few boys, a few girls, Dale said. We dont remember exactly how many of each.And as for Ty, how he was taken, what happened to him He said he didnt remember, Dale said, smiling.We left. We think we called to the other kids solely dont exactly remember the Beez chips in.Right, and in any case they seemed safe enough where they were for the date being. It was when we were putting Ty into the patrol car that we adage them all streaming out.And called the Wisconsin State Police for backup, Dale said. I do remember that.Of course you do, Jack said benevolently. further we have no idea how that darn place got blasted all to hell, and we dont know who did it.Some people, Jack said, are all too eager to take justice into their own hands. favourable they didnt blow their heads clean off, said Dale.All right, Jack tells them now. Theyre standing at the door. Doc has produced half a joint, and four quick, deep tokes have calmed him visibly. Just remember why were doing this. The message is that we were there fir st, we found Ty, we saw only a few other children, we deemed their situation secure due to the death of Charles Burnside, to a fault know as Carl Bierstone, the South Side Monster, and the Fisherman. The message is that Dale behaved properly that we all did and he then handed the investigation off to the FBI and WSP, who are now holding the baby. Babies, I guess in this case. The message is that French Landing is okay over again. Last but far from least, the message is that Henry Leydens the real star. The heroic blind man who I.D.d Charles Burnside and broke the Fisherman case, mortally wounding the monster and losing his own life in the process.Amen, Dale says. Sweet old Uncle Henry.Beyond the door of the Winnebago, he can list the surflike rumble of hundreds of people. Maybe even a thousand. He thinks, This is what rock acts hear before they hit the stage. A lump suddenly rises in his throat and he does his best to gulp it back down. He reckons that if he keeps thinking of U ncle Henry he will be okay.Anything else, Jack says, questions that get too specialised We cant remember, Beezer says.Because the air was bad, Doc agrees. Smelled like ether or chloro or something like that.Jack surveys them, nods, smiles. This will be a happy occasion, on the whole, he thinks. A love feast. Certainly the idea that he might be dying in a few minutes has not occurred to him.Okay, he says, lets go out there and do it. Were politicians this afternoon, politicians at a press conference, and its the politicians who stay on message who get elected.He opens the RVs door. The rumble of the crowd deepens in anticipation.They cross to the makeshift computer programme this way Beezer, Dale, Jack, and the good Doctor. They move in a warm white nova glare of exploding flashbulbs and 10-k TV lights. Jack has no idea why they take on such things the day is bright and warm, a Coulee Country charmer but it seems they do. That they always do. Voices cry, Over here repeatedly. There are also thrown questions, which they ignore. When it comes time to answer questions they will as best they can but for now they are simply stunned by the crowd.The noise begins with the two hundred or so French Landing residents sitting on folding chairs in a roped-off area directly in forward of the podium. They rise to their feet, some clapping, others waving clenched fists in the air like winning boxers. The press picks it up from them, and as our four friends mount the steps to the podium, the roar becomes a thunder. We are with them, up on the platform with them, and God, we see so many faces we know looking up at us. Theres Morris Rosen, who slipped Henry the Dirtysperm CD on our first day in town. Behind him is a contingent from the now defunct Maxton Elder Care the lovely Alice Weathers is surrounded by Elmer Jesperson, Ada Meyerhoff (in a wheelchair), Flora Flostad, and the Boettcher brothers, Hermie and tom turkey Tom. tansy Freneau, looking a bit spaced out bu t no longer outright insane, is standing next to Lester Moon, who has his arm around her. Arnold Flashlight Hrabowski, Tom Lund, Bobby Dulac, and the other members of Dales department are up on their feet, dancing around and cheering crazily. Look, over there thats Enid Purvis, the neighbor who called Fred at work on the day Judy finally high-sided it. Theres Rebecca Vilas, looking almost nunnish in a high-collared dress (but cry no tears for her, Argentina Becky has stashed remote quite a nice bundle, thank you very often). Butch Yerxa is with her. At the back of the crowd, lurking shamefully but unable to stay away from the triumph of their friends, are William Strassner and Hubert Cantinaro, better known to us as Kaiser Bill and Sonny. Look there Herb Roeper, who cuts Jacks hair, standing beside Buck Evitz, who delivers his mail. So many others we know, and to whom we must say good-bye under less than happy circumstances. In the front row, Wendell Green is hopping around like a hen on a hot griddle (God knows how he got into the roped-off area, being from La Riviere instead of French Landing, but hes there), taking pictures. Twice he bumps into Elvena Morton, Henrys housekeeper. The third time he does it, she bats him a damned good one on top of the head. Wendell hardly seems to notice. His head has taken worse shots during the course of the Fisherman investigation. And off to one side, we see someone else we may or may not recognize. An elderly, dark-skinned human being wearing shades. He looks a little bit like an old blues singer. He also looks a little bit like a movie actor named Woody Strode.The applause thunders and thunders. Folks cheer. Hats are thrown in the air and sail on the summer breeze. Their welcome becomes a kind of miracle in itself, an affirmation, perhaps even an adoptance of the children, who are widely supposed to have been held in some bizarre sexual bondage linked to the Internet. (Isnt all that weird stuff somehow linked to t he Internet?) And of course they applaud because the nightmare is over. The boogeyman died in his own backyard, died at the foot of a prosaic, now vaporized aluminum clothes whirligig, and they are safe again.Oh how the cheers ring in these few last moments of Jack Sawyers life on planet Earth Birds are startled up from the bank of the river and go squawking and veering into the sky, seeking quieter environs. On the river itself, a freighter responds to the cheers or perhaps joins in by blasting its air horn over and over. Other boats get the idea and add to the cacophony.Without thinking around what hes doing, Jack takes Docs right hand in his left, Dales left hand in his right. Dale takes Beezers hand, and the Sawyer Gang raises their arms together, facing the crowd.Which, of course, goes nuts. If not for what is going to happen next, it would be the picture of the decade, perhaps of the century. They stand there in triumph, animated symbols of success with their linked hands in the sky, the crowd cheering, the videocams rolling, the Nikons flashing, and that is when the woman in the third row begins to make her move. This is someone else we know, but it takes us a second or two to recognize her, because she has had nonentity at all to do with the case we have been following. Shes just been . . . sort of lurking around. The two hundred seats up front have been awarded by random drawing from the French Landing voter rolls, the lucky lottery winners notified by Debbi Anderson, Pam Stevens, and Dit Jesperson. This woman was No. 199. Several people shrink from her as she passes them, although in their happy frenzy they are hardly aware of doing it this pale woman with clumps of straw-colored hair sticking to her cheeks smells of sweat and sleeplessness and vodka. Shes got a little purse. The little purse is open. Shes reaching into it. And we who have lived through the second half of the twentieth century and have through the miracle of TV witnessed a twel ve assassinations and near assassinations know exactly what she is reaching for. We want to scream a warning to the four men standing with their linked hands raised to the sky, but all we can do is watch.Only the black man with the sunglasses sees whats happening. He turns and starts to move, aware that she has probably beaten him, that he is probably going to be too late.No, Speedy Parker thinks. It cant end like this, it cant.Jack, get down he shouts, but no one hears him over the clapping, the cheering, the wild hurrahs. The crowd seems to block him on purpose, surging back and forth in front of him no matter which way he moves. For a moment Wendell Green, understood bobbing around like a man in the throes of an epileptic seizure, is in the assassins path. Then she heaves him aside with the strength of a madwoman. Why not? She is a madwoman.Folks Dales got his mouth a good deal on the microphone, and the P.A. horns mounted to the nearby trees whine with feedback. Hes still ho lding up Jacks hand on his left and Beezers on his right. Theres a small, dazed smile on his face. Thank you, folks, we sure do appreciate the support, but if you could just quiet down . . .Thats when Jack sees her.Its been a long time, years, but he recognizes her at formerly. He should she spat in his face one day as he left the Los Angeles courthouse. Spat at him and called him a railroading bastard. Shes lost fifty pounds since then, Jack thinks. Maybe more. Then he sees the hand in the purse, and even before it comes back out, he knows whats happening here.The worst is that he can do nothing about it. Doc and Dale have his hands in a death grip. He drags in a deep breath and shouts as he has been taught to do in just such a situation as this Gun and Dale Gilbertson nods as if to say, Yes it is, it is fun. Behind her, pushing through the clapping, cheering crowd, he sees Speedy Parker, but unless Speedys got a particularly good magical trick up his sleeve He doesnt. Speedy Parker, known in the Territories as Parkus, is just fighting his way into the aisle when the woman standing below the platform brings out her gun. Its an ugly little thing, a bulldog .32 with its handle wrapped in black kitchen tape, and Jack has just half a second to think that maybe it will blow up in her hand.Gun Jack shouts again, and its Doc Amberson who hears him and sees the snarling woman crouched just below them.Ohfuck, Doc says.Wanda, no Jack cries. Doc has let go of his left hand (Dale has still got his right one hoisted high in the summer air) and Jack holds it out to her like a traffic cop. Wanda Kinderlings first bullet goes right through the palm, mushrooms slightly, begins to tumble, and punches into the hollow of Jacks left shoulder.Wanda speaks to him. Theres too much noise for Jack to hear her, but he knows what shes saying, just the same Here you go, you railroading son of a bitch Thorny says hello.She empties the remaining five bullets into Jack Sawyers breast and throat.No one hears the insignificant popping sounds made by Wandas bulldog .32, not over all that clapping and cheering, but Wendell Green has got his camera angle up, and when the detective jerks backward, our favorite reporters finger punches the Nikons shutter-release button in simple reflex. It snaps off eight shots. The third is the picture, the one that will eventually become as well(p) known as the photo of the Marines raising the flag on Iwo Jima and that of Lee Harvey Oswald clutching his belly in the parking garage of the Dallas police station. In Wendells photo, Jack Sawyer looks calmly down toward the shooter (who is just a blur at the very bottom of the frame). The expression on his face might be one of forgiveness. Daylight is clearly visible through the hole in the palm of his outstretched hand. Droplets of blood, as red as rubies, hang frozen in the air beside his throat, which has been torn open.The cheering and the applause stop as if amputated. There is a moment of awful, uncomprehending silence. Jack Sawyer, shot twice in the lungs and once in the heart, as well as in the hand and the throat, stands where he is, gazing at the hole below his spread fingers and above his wrist. Wanda Kinderling peers up at him with her muddied teeth bared. Speedy Parker is looking at Jack with an expression of naked horror that his wraparound sunglasses cannot conceal. To his left, up on one of four media towers surrounding the platform, a young cameraman faints and falls to the ground.Then, suddenly, the freeze-frame that Wendell has captured without even knowing it bursts open and everything is in motion.Wanda Kinderling screams See you in hell, Hollywood several people will later assert this and then puts the muzzle of her .32 to her temple. Her look of vicious satisfaction gives way to a more typical one of dazed incomprehension when the twitch of her finger produces nothing but a dry click. The bulldog .32 is empty.A moment later she is prett y much obliterated broken neck, broken left shoulder, four broken ribs as Doc stage-dives onto her and drives her to the ground. His left shoe strikes the side of Wendell Greens head, but this time Wendell sustains no more than a bloody ear. Well, he was due to cod a break, wasnt he?On the platform, Jack Sawyer looks unbelievingly at Dale, tries to speak, and cannot. He staggers, remains upright a moment longer, then collapses.Dales face has gone from bem utilize jinx to utter shock and dismay in a heartbeat. He seizes the microphone and screams, HES SHOT WE NEED A DOCTOR The P.A. horns shriek with more feedback. No pay back comes forward. Many in the crowd panic and begin to run. The panic spreads.Beezer is down on one knee, crook Jack over. Jack looks up at him, still trying to speak. Blood pours from the corners of his mouth.Ah fuck, its bad, Dale, its really bad, Beezer cries, and then he is pated sprawling. One wouldnt expect that the scrawny old black man whos vaulted u p onto the stage could knock around a bruiser like Beezer, but this is no ordinary old man. As we well know. There is a thin but perfectly visible envelope of white light surrounding him. Beezer sees it. His eyes widen. The crowd, meanwhile, flees to the four points of the compass. Panic infects some of the ladies and gentlemen of the press, as well. Not Wen-dell Green he holds his ground like a hero, snapping pictures until his Nikon is as empty as Wanda Kinderlings gun. He snaps the black man as he stands with Jack Sawyer in his arms snaps Dale Gilbertson putting a hand on the black mans shoulder snaps the black man turning and speaking to Dale. When Wendell later asks French Landings chief of police what the old fellow said, Dale tells him he doesnt remember besides, in all that pandemonium, he could hardly make it out, anyway. All bullshit, of course, but we may be sure that if Jack Sawyer had heard Dales response, he would have been proud. When in doubt, tell em you cant remem ber.Wendells last picture shows Dale and Beezer watching with identical dazed expressions as the old fellow mounts the steps to the Winnebago with Jack Sawyer still in his arms. Wendell has no idea how such an old party can carry such a big man Sawyer is six-two and must go a hundred and ninety at least but he supposes its the same sort of deal that allows a distraught mother to lift up the car or truck beneath which her kid is pinned. And it doesnt matter. Its small beans compared to what happens next. Because when a group of men led by Dale, Beez, and Doc burst into the Winnebago (Wendell is at the rear of this group), they find nothing but a single overturned chair and several splashes of Jack Sawyers blood in the kitchenette where Jack gave his little gang their final instructions. The trail of blood leads toward the rear, where theres a foldout bed and a toilet cubicle. And there the drops and splashes simply stop.Jack and the old man who carried him in here have vanished.Doc and Beezer are babbling, almost in hysterics. They bounce between questions of where Jack might have gone to distraught recollections of the final few moments on the platform before the shooting started. They cant seem to let that go, and Dale has an idea it will be quite a while before he can let go of it himself. He realizes now that Jack saw the woman coming, that he was trying to get his hand free of Dales so he could respond.Dale thinks it may be time to quite the chiefs job after all, find some other line of work. Not right now, though. Right now he wants to get Beezer and Doc away from the Color Posse, get them calmed down. He has something to tell them that may sponsor with that.Tom Lund and Bobby Dulac join him, and the three of them escort Beez and Doc away from the Winnebago, where Special Agent Redding and WSP spy Black are already establishing a CIP (crime investigation perimeter). Once theyre behind the platform, Dale looks into the stunned faces of the two burly bi kers.Listen to me, Dale says.I should have stepped in front of him, Doc says. I saw her coming, why didnt I step in front Shut up and listenDoc shuts up. Tom and Bobby are also listening, their eyes wide.That black man said something to me.What? Beezer asks.He said, ?Let me take him there may still be a chance. Doc, who has treated his share of gunshot wounds, gives a forlorn little chuckle. And you believed him?Not then, not exactly, Dale says. But when we went in there and the place was empty No back door, either, Beezer adds.Docs skepticism has faded a little. You really think . . . ?I do, Dale Gilbertson says, and wipes his eyes. I have to hope. And you guys have to help me.All right, Beezer says. Then we will.And we think that here we must leave them for good, standing under a blue summer sky close to the Father of Waters, standing beside a platform with blood on the boards. Soon life will catch them up again and pull them back into its furious current, but for a few moments they are together, joined in hope for our mutual friend.Let us leave them so, shall we?Let us leave them hoping.ONCE UPON A TIMEIN THE TERRITORIES . . .ONCE UPON A TIME (as all the best old stories used to begin when we all lived in the forest and nobody lived anywhere else), a scarred Captain of the Outer Guards named Farren led a frightened little boy named Jack Sawyer through the Queens Pavilion. That small boy did not see the Queens court, however no, he was taken through a maze of corridors behind the scenes, hush-hush and seldom-visited places where spiders spun in the high corners and the warm drafts were heavy with the smells of cooking from the kitchen.Finally, Farren placed his hands in the boys armpits and lifted him up. Theres a panel in front of you now, he talk do you remember? I think you were there. I think we two were, although we were younger then, werent we? Slide it to the left.Jack did as he was bidden, and found himself peeking into the Queens chamber the room in which almost everyone expected her to die . . . just as Jack expected his mother to die in her room at the Alhambra Inn and Gardens in New Hampshire. It was a bright, airy room filled with bustling nurses who had assumed a busy and purposeful manner because they had no real idea of how to help their patient. The boy looked through the peephole into this room, at a woman he at first thought was his own mother somehow magically transported to this place, and we looked with him, none of us guessing that years later, grown to a man, Jack Sawyer would be lying in the same bed where he first saw his mothers Twinner.Parkus, who has brought him from French Landing to the Inner Baronies, now stands at the panel through which Jack, hoisted by Captain Farren, once looked. Beside him is Sophie of Canna, now known in the Territories as both the Young Queen and Sophie the Good. There are no nurses in the sleeping chamber today Jack lies silent beneath a slowly turning fan. Where he is not wrapped in bandages, his skin is pale. His closed eyelids are hazed with a delicate purple bruise-blush. The rise and fall of the fine linen piece of paper drawn up to his chin can hardly be seen . . . but its there. He breathes.For now, at least, he lives.Speaking quietly, Sophie says, If hed never touched the Talisman If hed never touched the Talisman, actually held it in his arms, he would have been dead there on that platform before I could even get close to him, Parkus says. But of course, if not for the Talisman, he never would have been there in the first place.What chance has he? She looks at him. Somewhere, in another world, Judy Marshall has already begun to go down back into her ordinary suburban life. There will be no such life for her Twinner, however hard times have come again in this part of the universe and her eyes gleam with an imperious, regal light. Tell me the truth, sir I would not have a lie.Nor would I give you one, my lady, he tells her. I believe that , thanks to the residual protection of the Talisman, he will recover. Youll be sitting next to him one morning or evening and his eyes will open. Not today, and probably not this week, but soon.And as for returning to his world? The world of his friends?Parkus has brought her to this place because the spirit of the boy Jack was still lingers, ghostly and child-sweet. He was here before the road of trials opened ahead of him, and in some ways hardened him. He was here with his innocence still intact. What has surprised him about Jack as a grown man and touched him in a way Parkus never expected to be touched again is how much of that innocence still remained in the man the boy has become.That too is the Talismans doing, of course.Parkus? Your mind wanders.Not far, my lady not far. You ask if he may return to his world after being mortally wounded three, perhaps even four times after being heart-pierced, in fact. I brought him here because all the magic that has touched and changed his life is stronger here for good or ill, the Territories have been Jack Sawyers wellspring since he was a child. And it worked. He lives. But he will evoke different. Hell be like . . .Parkus pauses, thinking hard. Sophie waits quietly beside him. Distantly, from the kitchen, comes the bellow of a cook lacing into one of the prentices.There are animals that live in the sea, breathing with gills, Parkus says at last. And over times long course, some of them develop lungs. Such creatures can live both under the water and on the land. Yes?So I was taught as a girl, Sophie agrees patiently.But some of these latter creatures lose their gills and can live only on the land. Jack Sawyer is that sort of creature now, I think. You or I could dive into the water and swim beneath the surface for a little while, and he may be able to go back and visit his own world for short periods . . . in time, of course. But if either you or I were to try living beneath the water Wed drown.Indeed we wou ld. And if Jack were to try living in his own world again, returning to his little house in Norway Valley, for instance, his wounds would return in a space of days or weeks. Perhaps in different forms his death certificate might specify heart failure, for instance but it would be Wanda Kinderlings bullet that killed him, all the same. Wanda Kinderlings heart shot. Parkus bares his teeth. Hateful woman I believe the abbalah was aware of her no more than I was, but look at the damage shes causedSophie ignores this. She is looking at the silent, sleeping man in the other room.Condemned to live in such a pleasant land as this . . . She turns to him. It is a pleasant land, isnt it, sirrah? Still a pleasant land, in spite of all?Parkus smiles and bows. Around his neck, a sharks tooth swings at the end of a fine gold necklace. Indeed it is.She nods briskly. So living here might not be so terrible.He says nothing. After a moment or two, her assumed briskness departs, and her shoulders sag .Id hate it, she says in a small voice. To be barred from my own world except for occasional brief visits . . . paroles . . . to have to leave at the first cough or twinge in my chest . . . Id hate it.Parkus shrugs. Hell have to accept what is. Like it or not, his gills are gone. Hes a creature of the Territories now. And God the Carpenter knows theres work for him over here. The business of the Tower is moving toward its climax. I believe Jack Sawyer may have a part to play in that, although I cant say for sure. In any case, when he heals, he wont want for work. Hes a coppiceman, and theres always work for such.She looks through the slit in the wall, her lovely face troubled.You must help him, dear, Parkus says.I love him, she says, speaking very low.And he loves you. But whats coming will be difficult.Why must that be, Parkus? Why must life always demand so much and give so little?He draws her into his arms and she goes willingly, her face pressed against his chest.In the dark beh ind the chamber in which Jack Sawyer sleeps, Parkus answers her question with a single wordKa.EpilogueSHE SITS BY his bed on the first night of Full-Earth Moon, ten days after her conversation with Parkus in the secret passageway. Outside the pavilion, she can hear children singing The Green Corn A-Dayo. On her lap is a scrap of embroidery. It is summer, still summer, and the air is sweet with summers mystery.And in this billowing room where his mothers Twinner once lay, Jack Sawyer opens his eyes.Sophie lays aside her embroidery, leans forward, and puts her lips soft against the shell of his ear.Welcome back, she says. My heart, my life, and my love welcome back.April 14, 2001

Progressive Movement Era Essay

Progressive Movement is defined as an effort to cure and prevent many of the ills of American society after prodigious industrial growth took place in the end of the 19th century. This movement promoted the idea that all people are equally capable of improving ills of society. Progressivism strongly rejected Social Darwinism. Moreover, the Movement strongly opposed corruption in all its displays and supported trends to make the country defend workers rights. Progressivisms tended to foster ordinary citizens, though it rejected the church stressing that it shouldnt be the driving force for changes.Speaking about beliefs of Progressive Movement it is necessary to underline that its leadership promoted urban-industrial society. Moreover, they believed in human abilities to make our society better by improving living conditions. Further, they believed in necessity to intervene in social, political and economic personal results of the country. Speaking about views of trusts, the She rman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 appeared to be utile federal measure aiming at limiting the power of companies to control the highest percentage of the market share. In otherwise words, Progressivism promoted the idea of intervention into all spheres of government.Progressive leaders argued that effective means should be implemented to deal with the ills produced by trusts. They referred to trust-busting and regulatory approaches. In foreign constitution Progressive leaders practiced more imperialistic and active approach in contrast to the Founding Fathers. For example, Roosevelt claimed that global imperialism was the best policy, whereas Wilson sent American march for inevitable death to make the world safer for democracy.In conclusion it is necessary to admit that the sites used for writing the paper are very effective at enhancing my understanding of Progressive Movement as they offer detailed overview of beliefs, motivations, foreign and domestic policies, trust and anti-trust views, etc. Moreover, they offer different perspectives on the matter of interest.ReferencesIdeas and Movements The Progressive Movement of 19th Century. (2002). Retrieved February 27, 2008, from http//www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1061.htmlProgressive Era. (2004). Retrieved February 27, 2008, from http//www.eagleton.rutgers.edu/e-gov/e-politicalarchive-Progressive.htm

Mongol Criticisms

November 28, 2010 Mongolian Invasions The Mongol Invasions of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries have long been a point of contention amongst historians and scholars. The serial publication of assaults launched on behalf of the Mongols ultimately amounted to a holocaust in which few were sp ard. Though the immediate impacts of the conquests were undeniably horrific, some historians have urgeed later Mongol regimes for the institutional reforms they introduced.However, compensate with these post invasion innovations in mind, a legitimate rationale behind the excessive final stage and violence is still a question for debate. When examining the ideo reproducible motives of the Mongols, it is realise that they were radically impassioned by their beliefs. Unfortunately, the logic behind these beliefs is less clear.Taking into consideration the relevant religious debate during the time period as exemplified in William of glossarys Account of the Mongol Invasions as well as the pertinent humanitarian concerns best illustrated by renowned historian Ibn al-Athir, criticisms regarding the religious legitimacy and prejudicious humanitarian impacts of the Mongol Invasions are valid assessments. The first controversy surrounding the impact of the Mongol invasions is whether or not their motives were legitimate.Much of historian criticism suggests that the religious and ideological beliefs of the Mongols that compelled them to action were both extremist and illogical. The second topic of debate is whether, with those motives in mind, the defunctness of such an enormous group of people, could possibly be justified. In line of reasoning with these historians criticisms, some historians commend the institutional reforms and heathenish changes initiated by the Mongols.However, considering the inhumanity of systematically exterminating entire civilizations based on religious and ideological beliefs that are in umteen shipway flawed, historian criticisms are bot h appropriate and compelling. The religious foundations of the Mongol invasions have been subject to criticisms from historians who raise interesting ideological concerns. Some historians argue that no event so catastrophic could possibly hold whatsoever justification in godliness nor could it be condoned for whatever long-term beneficial effects1.According to Ibn al-athir, there is no military force and no power save in God, the High, the Almighty, in face of this catastrophe, whereof sparks flew far and wide, and the hurt was universal. It has also been suggested that Mongol religion did not gravel into account morality nor incorporate whatsoever codes for governing human behavior. The tribes original religious identity was based in Tengriism, or the idolize of an Eternal Blue Sky god. In practice, Tengriism was notably primitive. Ibn al-Athir confirms this observation in saying, As for their religion, they worship the sun when it rises, and regard nothing as unlawful.A reli gion that takes no particular stance on fundamental moral issues and provides no feasible code of living for its followers is a religion that encourages chaos. that an even more obtrusive Mongol belief was in their God given destiny to conquer the entirety of the known world. They defined this destiny as an attempt to purify the earth of the disorders that tainted it (96). Or in other words, to destroy any civilization whose beliefs did not coincide with theirs. By modern standards, the Mongol invasions could be classified as genocide.The arrogance of the Mongols also ensured the continuity of the movement. In William Rubrucks account of the Mongols, it is evident that the perspectives of other religious, social, or political parties were largely suppressed. Tolerance for opinions that conflicted with Mongol regimes was minimal, and their violent history instilled a take of fear in people that kept them quiet. Combined with their passionate objective to carry out Gods will, Mongol arrogance and intolerance gave the movement frightening momentum.Being violently impassioned by these questionable beliefs, it is not surprising that the actions of the Mongols were also very controversial. The systematic extermination of hundreds of thousands of people, involving cases of torture and public killings, undoubtedly constitutes a humanitarian catastrophe. For Ibn al- Athir, the Mongol invasions represented the greatest catastrophe and the most dire calamity (of the like of which and days and nights are innocent) which befell all men generally. He comes to this conclusion in part by considering the most tragic event preceding the invasions.This event was Nebuchadnezzars destruction of Jerusalem and the slaughtering of the children of Israel. In his comparison he notes that the Mongols killed more people in a individual city then all of the children that were massacred in Israel, thus deeming the invasions the single most catastrophic event in history at that time. Dur ing the Mongols invasions they destroyed villages, and desecrated countless schools, libraries, mosques, and palaces. Many historians perceive their militant simulated military operation as being ruthless and barbaric.Examples of such acts are The flooding or burning of entire villages, pouring molten gold down the throat of a Muslim governor, creating public pyramids from victims severed heads, and even slaughtering dogs and cats on the street. Ibn al- Athir comments on the merciless approach of the Mongols by asserting that Even Antichrist would spare such that follow him, though he destroy those who oppose him, but these Tartars spared none, slaying women and men and children, ripping open pregnant women and killing unborn babies. This reiterates the dilemma of how any event so atrocious in its impact could have any legitimate rationale behind it.Accredited arguments in support of the Mongol Invasions commend the long-term effects of Mongol rule. The two most prevalent to the de bate are First, that a post invasion shift toward government centralization occurred and ultimately benefited Middle Eastern infrastructures. Second, that the Mongols introduced a new phase of creativity to the Middle East. Some historians have labeled the shift back toward government centralization as the rebirth of the Iranian Monarchial System and commend it for having recreated the brilliance of Saljuq-Period Turkic-Iranian monarchical culture.They argue that this change enabled innovative developments and constructions such as building cities, developing irrigation works, and grapple expansion. Furthermore, some argue that the synthesis of Mongol, Turkic, Seljuq, and Iranian concepts gave birth to a uniquely innovative and artistic culture. Evidence supporting this conception includes the flourishing of historical writings, the revivification of painting and illustration, and architectural advancements. It is true that Mongol rule saw a complete cultural transformation that m ay have in some ways benefited Middle Eastern society, but at what cost?The value of any newly established state must be weighed with the value of the one it replaced, not excluding the question of why it was replaced in the first place. By modern standards, the justifications behind the actions of the Mongols are backwards and comical. Consistent with historian criticisms, Mongol religion fails to incorporate any ideals of morality or legality or to provide any sort of framework for its followers. Furthermore, though they claimed to be endowed with a God given destiny, they were never able or willing to back this claim up with any sort of proof.This leads one to wonder why no one contested the actions of the Mongols during that period. The effect to that question is best illustrated in the religious debate recounted in William Rubricks account of the Mongols in which the exclusiveness of Mongol influence is illuminated. The Mongols sought to institute a level of fear in its peopl e that would keep them quiet and prevent them from fighting back. Sadly, even those who didnt fight back were not necessarily spared. The nonsensical violent and inhumane acts committed by the Mongols were inexcusable.The invasions ultimately led to the obliteration not only of entire Middle Eastern populations but also to that of their cultural identities. Whether what replaced those cultures was prosperous or not, there is no justification for the diabolical actions of the Mongols. humanity o Their claimed religious incentives and fatalistic belief in their destiny This brings me to the inquiry of what logical motive led the Mongols to perpetrate their invasions. During their invasions the Mongols destroyed villages, and desecrated countless schools, libraries, mosques, and palaces.In fact there have been cases in which they even destroyed damns and flooded entire villages. other argument in favor of the Mongols is that the synthesis of Mongol, Turkic, Seljuq, and Iranian concept s gave birth to a new level of creativity in the Middle East. Ibn al- athir is recognizing the impossible action that any religion could provide justification for the atrocious actions of the Mongols. The powerful impact of Mongol religion and ideology on their militant actions qualifies them as extremists.In Hulegu Khans warning to the inhabitants of capital of Iraq he asserts his belief that he is doing his part in carrying out Gods given destiny I will burn your city, your land and yourself. If you need to spare yourself and your venerable family, give heed to my advice If you do not, you will see what God has willed (97). When a movement as enormous in scope and strength as the Mongols claim to have a purpose that is endowed to them by God, their influence is automatically multiplied. William of Rubrucks Account of the Mongols provides a detail Western Account of the Mongol invasions. The religious debate included in his account, addresses the areas in which Christian ideolog y conflicts with institutionalized Mongol religion of the time. One real principle that incited conflict among the religious parties present was the omnipotence of God.Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. and Lawrence Davidson, A Concise History of the Middle East Ninth Edition, Boulder, CO, Westview Press, 2010, 95-98

History of Basketball Essay

hoops bet on plump for has become a nationwide played pleasure there are multiple leagues in hoops now and today. hoops originated in Springfield Massachusetts by a Canadian physician at Ymca professional which is now and todays Springfield College This sport has been noted as the most played sport in the world. James Naismith created a worldwide sport that is now in schools and recreation centers. It was the YMCA that had a major role in dispersal hoops throughout the coupled States and Canada, and throughout the world. In 1893, Mel Ride out arranged the showtime atomic number 63an match in Paris, in MontmartreJames Naismith promulgated 13 rules for the current game. He divided his class of 18 into 2 team ups of 9 players each (which today would be the equivalent of 3 guards, 3 centers, and 3 forwards) and set about to teach them the basics of his new game of hoops . The object of the game was to throw the soccer ball, into the fruit baskets nailed to the lower railing of the gymnasium balcony. Every time a power point was scored, the game was halted so the janitor could bring out a ladder and retrieve the ball. Later, the bottoms of the fruit baskets were removed. The first public basketball games were held in Springfield, MA, on December 21, 1891They got the name basket ball from the fact that they had a ball and a basket. In the beginning they were going to name it Naismith game. The way the game was set up back then was they had to shoot the ball into the basket, the basket had no hole in it unlike the ones we use today. They would confine to retrieve the ball manually during the time of them fetching the ball out the basket each team had a break. Today we have Timeouts this is where the team devises a game plan to win the game In 1906 was when they developed metal hoops with nets and backboards which made the game more easier.Instead of them using a soccer ball they upgraded to a spalding ball, these are the balls that are still used to thi s day Basketball was spreading throughout the United States ,Canada , and the world The YMCA had a lot to do with why basketball became a well known trend. The First World War broke out in 1914, and the U. S. Army started fighting in europium in 1917. During World War 1, American Expeditionary Force brought basketball wherever they went. Together with the troops, there were hundreds of physical education teachers, who knew basketball quite well, and nevertheless James Naismith spent two years with YMCA in France, in that period.Not only did they bring basketball with them, but even the modern basketball, that is the game as it was played in the United States at that time. People in France were very intrigued by the sport that James Nasmith brought to the YMCA out there. There were others even traveling to places such as China, India, Japan, and Persia spreading the new game around the globe. The men that traveled to these countries are , Bob Gailey , Duncan Patton, Genzabaro Is hikawa , C. Haree They had every element they needed to take the new sport basketball to the topJames Naismith made sure that he had proper funding for the sport, the right supporters, and of course the right minds working on creating the individual leagues. The first professional league started in 1898 it was 6 teams in this league the first champions of this league were the Trenton matters. Shortly afterwards the Trenton Nationals won the championships other teams followed in their footsteps. They abandoned this league in 1904, their were little championship games that people would play for money.The Celtics were proclaimed the original Fathers of basketball and were also posed as the world basketball champions In order to even play with this team and Jim Furey you had to sign a contract. The success of this team lasted from 1922-1928 reason why was , because the team was disbanded due to ownership issues. The veritable Celtics are sometimes incorrectly thought of as forebears of the current Boston Celtics of the NBA in reality, they share only a name, as todays Celtics were not founded until 1946, nearly two decades after the demise of the Original Celtics.In 1922, the first all-African American professional team was founded the Rens (also known as New York Renaissance or Harlem Renaissance). The Original Celtics opponents were The Rens to get into a game only cost a $1 for a Ticket. The team took part in the World professional basketball tournament and took the 1st place trophy in 1939. The team had also disbanded like the Celtics exactly 10 years after they won the tournament In the 1920s and 1930s, Eastern Basketball League founded in 1909 , Metropolitan Basketball League founded in 1921 and American Basketball league founded in 1925 were the most key leagues.The most hard playing games were played at colleges. The first organized game was played between Geneva College and The New Brighton YMCA on April 8th ,1893 in Beaver Falls , Pennsylvania Gene va college had a flawless victory that day they won 3-0. Geneva College named themselves The Birthplace of College basketball In February 1895,Minnesota State initiate of Agriculture, and Hamline University played the first intercollegiate match (won 93 by Minnesota). In that period, the Amateur gymnastic Union took over the organization of collegiate activity.In 1905, Yale University was disqualified, and some other universities created the Intercollegiate gymnastic Association , which became Nation Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in 1910. The NCAA created the first united states championship in 1939 which brought in the playoffs at the end of each conference On June 6th 1946 a league was started in New York city the league was known as the Basketball association of America. The league received a new name in 1949 the National Basketball Association (NBA).They changed the name ,because they merged with their rival league the National Basketball League (NBL). The NBA has be come Americas most favorite association they have the most significant players ,salaries, popularity , talent, and last but not least level of competition. The extraneous Set Athletic Club of Brooklyn and the St. Christopher Club of New York City was established as the first fully organized strong-minded all-black basketball teams in 1906 these teams were tyroIn 1907, the amateur, all-black Olympian Athletic League was formed in New York City consisting of the Smart Set Athletic Club, St.Christopher Club, Marathon Athletic Club, Alpha corporeal Culture Club, and the Jersey City Colored YMCA. The first inter-city basketball game between two black teams was played in 1907 when the Smart Set Athletic Club of Brooklyn traveled to Washington, DC to play the Crescent Athletic Club. In 1908 Smart Set Athletic Club of Brooklyn, a member of the Olympian Athletic League, was named the first Colored Basketball Worlds Champion. In 1910, Howard Universities first varsity basketball team bega n. In 1922, the Commonwealth Five, the first all-black Professional team was founded.The New York Renaissance was founded in 1923. In 1939, the all-black New York Renaissance beat the all-white Oshkosh All-Stars in the World Pro Basketball Tournament. The all-white National Basketball League began to racially integrate in 1942 with 10 black players joining two teams, the Toledo Jim White Chevrolets and the Chicago Studebakers. The NBA integrated in the 195051 season, with three black players each achieving a separate milestone in that process. In the draft held immediately prior to that season, Chuck barrel maker became the first black player drafted by an NBA team.Shortly after the draft, Nat Clifton became the first black player to sign an NBA contract. Finally, Earl Lloyd became the first black player to appear in an NBA game, as his team started its season before either Coopers or Cliftons. The American Basketball Association (ABA) was founded as an alternative to the NBA in 196 7 at a time when the NBA was experiencing a lot of popularity. The ABA offered an alternative ethos and game bearing as well as some changes in the rules. Julius Erving was the leading player in the league, and helped launch a modern style of play that emphasizes jump and play above the rim.The league emphasized excitement and liveliness, be it in the color of the ball (red, white and blue), the manner of play, wild promotions, or the three point jump shot. National recognition and earnings were low, leading the league to look for a way out of its problems. Merger with the more established and very prospered NBA was seen as a solution. The ABA was folded into the NBA in the summer of 1976, its four most successful franchises the New York Nets, Denver Nuggets, Indiana Pacers, and San Antonio Spurs being incorporated into the older league.The aggressive, loose style of play and the three-point shot were taken up by the NBA. The game basket ball started branching out and becoming th e most played sport in the country. Once college teams started forming there ball teams , schools all over the country in high schools, middle schools, and even elementary schools had teams or was hosting tournaments Once basketball came to Europe it was branched out very quickly. The very first supranational game was played in 1909 at Saint Petersburg. The Mayak Saint Petersburg team managed to beat a YMCA American team.United States, led by future Hall of Fame player Max Friedmen won against Italy and France, and then Italy beat France. Basketball soon became popular among cut and Italians. International basketball was growing ,and games were precisely popping up everywhere. They even developed an international league on June 18, 1932 this was the final piece to a thumping puzzle. Having teams all over the world compete in a world Basketball tournament theres even people who trade to international teams from the USA and vice versa.Even the exceptionals pick best players from American teams to come out and play against teams from every country for the Gold Medal The first Olympic basketball title was one by Team USA. Canada was runner-up the games were played on an outdoor clay court. The first World Championship was held in genus Argentina in 1950 There was even a female basketball league that was orchestrated . A lady name Senda Berenson read about Dr. Naismiths new game, and with modified rules, introduces the game to the students at Smith College.The first womens game was held between the University of California, Berkeley and Miss Heads School. Clara Gregory Baer was the one to write the first book full of rules for womens basketball. Senda Berenson publishes the first issue of Basketball Guide for Women, which she would edit and update for eighteen years. These rules, with minor modifications, would remain in use until the 1960s. In 1899 women started create the same taste for the sport as the men did. Womans basketball wasnt as major as mens bask etball the first international game they played was in Victoria, Australia.The baskets that they were using were paper bags That same year Stanford abolishes intercollegiate competition of women which cause them to form their own independent club. In 1904 Stanford rescinds the prohibition against intercollegiate competition of women. The Womens National Basketball Association (WNBA) is a womens professional basketball league in the United States . It currently is composed of twelve team the league was founded on April 24, 1996, as the womens counterpart to the National Basketball Association (NBA).League play started in 1997 the regular season is currently played from June to September with the Finals in October. Basketball has been the sport that at least every person in this world has at least tried. Its one of the most commonly known sport. The history behind basket ball shows how far this sport has come. Basketball went from peach baskets, to metal hoops, and backboards with spa lding balls. Basketball has come from being a little sport played for money or for fun to having different types of leagues. James Naismith helped bring the world together with just a ball and a hoop with 18 players.

Symbolism in Kiss of the Spiderwoman and No One Writes

Its a sin to take the viands break of our mouths to give it to a rooster (Garcia Marquez 31). This essay portrays the different types of symbolism d 1out the novels Kiss of the roverwoman by Manuel Puig and No One Writes to the Col superstarl by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The fighting ray of light is the overriding symbol in the former, representing both positive and negative matters such is the case of promise in bringing close to improvement to the Colonels living conditions bit for his wife, being a reminder of their sons finis along with the repression they live in due to political corruption.In the novel Kiss of the Spider Woman, symbols such as the films, the food and most importantly, the Spider Woman, represent the characters peculiar relationship transitioning from a neutral one to a sexual and affectionate one. twain these novels are linked by the political corruption in their environment while the emotional atmosphere revealed by the symbols make them complementary to each other. In No One Writes to the Colonel, the linking of symbols and images represent the inner tensions of the characters throughout the novel.The main symbol, the fighting cock, is an interesting one in its ability to depict contrasting sentiments as one being. The first one is the hope the Colonel attains from it because of the treasure it possesses for the t avow. If the cock wins in the cock fights, the poverty they find themselves struggling with would choose a chance to improve. This gives the cock a special sellment where ironically, it pull up stakes be put first than them.When the corn is gone well have to feed him on our own livers. (Garcia Marquez 11) Evidently, the Colonel and his wife are eating insufficiently, unable to afford more corn for the cock, let alone food for themselves. The Colonel however fight downs a positive attitude towards the cock, faithful that it pull up stakes in the break lead to helping their harsh conditions. Not only for him bu t for the people of the town too, the rooster result come to hold a great value representing collective hope for the town as a whole.We can see this when the Colonel talks to a group of young men who were his son Agustins friends and later his death, always helped maintain the cock healthy not only with hope, but with the belief that it will win all of the bets and as a result, win a lot of money for them. The Colonel asks about how much he owes them for repairing his clock and they assure him the cock will reward it. Dont worry about it, Colonel. In January, the rooster will pay for it (Garcia Marquez 34). It seems that there is an assurance of what the symbol of the rooster signifies and is valued for in the town.This is where the main conflict comes in between him and his wife, in which the cocks symbolism of hope will turn into one of hatred and resentment. Its because the situation were in, she said. Its a sin to take the food out of our mouths to give it to a rooster (Garcia Marquez 31). For her, the rooster will represent something quite the contrary where quite than it symbolizing hope for an improvement to their living conditions, it will symbolize the misadventure they are in, especially by being the source of their sons death.She cannot relate with neither her husbands wish to maintain Agustins aspirations for the cock alive nor the towns value and belief for it as a symbol of opposition continuing even after the death of its owner. The cock, as a legacy of Agustin, is a symbol of collective hope for the town symbolizing resistance for opposition to authority. He and his rooster were the part of the family who feature the highest appreciation and value from the people of the town.When he is killed, the survival of the cock is what gives his parents any respect from the people. Later on, the Colonel considers selling it since his wife constantly puts pressure on him to do so because she believes that it is only putting their own lives at risk. G et rid of that rooster right now (Garcia Marquez 30). However, he finally realizes as he sees and lives through the excitement of a cock fight that the cock is more meaningful than just the money it can bring.He thinks that by selling the cock, it would not only mean a glimpse of help to their situation but also a betrayal to the people of the town, They said the rooster didnt belong to us but to the whole town (Garcia Marquez 56) and the problem of hunger they find themselves struggling with would still not be solved. The political standpoint in which this symbol stands is conflictive no matter what decision he makes.There is always a constant shift in which the symbolism of the cock varies from a positive tone of hope and value to a more negative one of misery and death. The rooster in itself is not suggested just as a representation of the repression the couple lived in but is truly signified as Agustin, the son who was killed as a form of punishment for selling clandestine infor mation that the political figures of authority did not want for the public, in other words, not allowing freedom of expression.For Kiss of the Spider Woman, the symbols are portrayed by a more consistent representation of fare and care between Molina and Valentino, a peculiar relationship where a homosexual man, Molina, will trap the heterosexual man, Valentino, into a trap of webs through seduction and a much needed care for him in times of sickness. First of all, the symbol of the films that Molina shares with him as a way of entertainment in the jail cell have stories that represent how he is feeling along with his fantasies about love.An essential film Molina told Valentino about was the last one he told before he was held free from jail, the report of a romantic tragedy. And then suddenly you see a giant giant close-up of just her face, with her eyes flooded with tears, but with a smile on her lips And well thats all folks - (Puig 259) The telling of this film represented the setting of a melancholic atmosphere since after growing such a strong bond, it was now time for them to part. What these films as symbols also emphasize is the entirely different points of views that these two men attain. Its a question of learning to submit things as they come, and to appreciate the good that happens to you, even if it doesnt last. Because nothing is forever. Yes, its easy to say. But feeling it is something else. (Puig 259) Molina sees himself as a female figure rather than a male one with the fantasy of finding love with a wonderful man, with this he is more led by his emotions rather than reason. Valentin, on the other hand, thinks in the opposite way being led more by reason.He rejects Molinas idea of a forever lasting love and sees face-to-face relationships as secondary to the cause of justice. These films are constantly triggering their discussions about their opposite points of views. Valentin criticizes Molina for his desire to escape into a world of fantasy but ironically, he denies that his own expectancy for a revolution is also virtually a fantasy. We can then call upon the symbols of food in the novel representing the love, care and affection that in the end Molina has won from Valentin, a man who tends to avoid this sort of attachment with someone else.When Valentin is sick from food poisoning in the cell, Molina finds a way to treat him with delicious food that makes him feel much better after being sick from poisonous food from the jail. As their time to depart arrives, Valentin makes reference to some of the food as his way of telling him he loves him and will actually miss him, Every time I see a piece of glassy fruit, Im going to remember you (Par. 5, Pg. 259). The glazed fruit will be a symbol of caring and nurturing that Molina gave to Valentin. He also mentions the chicken spit, one of the other foods he brought him that will remind him of Molina.And every time I see a chicken on a spit, turning in a deli oven (Pu ig Pg. 260). The symbol of the chicken spit turning in an oven will represent two vital things one being the foreshadowing of Valentino and the burns he will suffer later as punishment from the authority for not giving out information they asked of him and the other is how along with this physical pain, he will also live with the pain of knowing that Molina died not long before he got parole because he got involved in Valentinos political affairs as a favor to him.And finally most importantly, we see the symbol of the spider woman representing Molinas character, the consuming female who relishes her predator after a sexual encounter yet also the mother who nurtures. - You, youre the spider woman, that traps men in her web. (Par. 5, Pg. 260). Molina is symbolized as the spider woman since in his relationship with Valentin he was not a man but a feminine figure who won Valentins trust and affection through his profound care of him.In conclusion, the role of symbolism in these two pie ces of literature will play a significant role in representing important aspects of the themes, the atmosphere, the social relationships, the emotions, etc. In No One Writes to the Colonel, we see that the cock will be a symbol of two main different things the optimism in the hope for the town and the Colonel and a more negative note for the Colonels wife who sees it as the repression and death of their son.In Kiss of the Spider Woman, the symbols of the film stories, the food and the spider woman will also reveal how the relationship between Molina and Valentin is grandly valued despite their sexuality differences. For both of these novels, we are able to see the symbols all of hope, love, affection and misery all vital in expressing what is needed and putting together two classical pieces of literature.

My Desired Leadership Style the Transformational Leader

I aspire to be a transformational leader. Transformational leadership possess the unique to inspire their subordinates to be the best they apprize be. This leadership style stub be used for good or bad some Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Adolf Hitler were both transformational leaders. No matter what the circumstances argon that set off a transformational leader, they must(prenominal) possess values that guide them through their leadership.There is no cookie cutter example of a transformational leader each leader has their bear government agency of doing things just now an authentic transformational leader must utilize certain skills, competencies, experiences, knowledge, and traits. I personally believe that it is very most-valuable for a leader to bring in a versatile leadership approach. As I have developed my leadership skills over the past few years I have undergo uncomfortable situations and different personalities than my own and I have had to evolve my or remove my leadership style based on the circumstances that I was confront with.Although I have had to adopt some characteristics or traits from other leadership styles I believe my core leadership style would be considered transformational leadership. Based on what I know about(predicate) myself and what I have learned from others is that I am currently a transformational leader, but I desire to be a better transformational leader. What is a Transformational Leader? Transformational leadership is a type of leadership style that leads to substitutes in those who follow.A leader who is transformational motivates by transforming the identities and goals of individuals to coincide with those of the group (Lovaglia, Lucas, & Baxter, 2012). Transformational leaders have the innate ability to inspire their followers into action to achieve a common goal. For example during the 2008 presidential campaign Barrack Obama used his transformational leadership style by inspiring many, who had never vo ted before to get out and vote.Through his inspirational speeches, grassroots movement to register voters, and his seemingly American trance come true life story he was able to, for a short period of time inspire and motivate an otherwise jaded and downcast atomic number 18a that had been fractured among racial and economic lines for years to believe in and demand change. Transformational leaders are generally energetic, enthusiastic and passionate, and they invoke a since of ownership and superciliousness in their followers.When faced with a worry or issue within an organization the transformational leader can establish relay a kernel so that it is either accepted with enthusiasm or without contention. Instead of trying to force change on their subordinates the transformational leader creates an cash machine of even exchanges of thoughts and ideas toward the changes. This type of leader seeks to motivate followers by transforming their beliefions of self and their private goals to coincide with the larger purposes of the group. Rather than working for money, employees work to be part of the success of a larger mission.The concept of transformational leadership was initially introduced by leadership expert and presidential biographer James MacGregor Burns. According to Burns, transformational leadership can be seen when leaders and followers make each other to advance to a higher level of moral and motivation. Through the strength of their vision and personality, transformational leaders are able to inspire followers to change expectations, perceptions and motivations to work towards common goals. Later, researcher Bernard M. Bass expanded upon Burns original ideas to develop what is today referred to as Bass Transformational Leadership Theory.According to Bass, transformational leadership can be defined based on the impact that it has on followers. Transformational leaders, Bass suggested, garner assert, respect and admiration from their followers . Bass suggested that there are four components of a transformational leadership which are intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, inspirational motivation and idealized influence. Intellectual stimulation is when the leader encourages their followers to be creativity, the followers is encouraged to look for new ways of doing things.Recognizing that all followers are not the same is an important aspect of a transformational leaders influence, offering support and cost increase to individual followers, that leads to an increased since of accomplishment and self-esteem is considered individualized consideration. Inspirational motivation is when the leader can invoke the same passion and enthusiasm that they have about a vision and goal, in their followers. On January 20, 1961 President John F. Kennedy inspired and an entire county with one sentence from his inaugural speech ask not what your country can do for you ask what you can do for your country.This important quote inspired Americans to take action and make changes during the 1960s the country changed the way it looked at civil rights, womens liberation and war. Idealized influence is the same as leading by example, because followers trust and respect the leader they be to model their behavior and actions after the leader and began to internalize and adopt the leaders ideas. Modern Day Transformational Leader A good example of a modern day transformational leader is notation Gates, former chief executive and current chairman of Microsoft, the worlds largest personal-computer software company, which he co-founded with Paul Allen.Bill Gates can be considered a transformational leader because he is regarded by his followers as an expert and visionary in his field, also has gained respect and credibility based on his past management experience. Through his philanthropic work and can do attitude he leads by example. Transformational leaders build trust in their leadership and attainabilit y of their goals through an image of seemingly unshakable self-confidence, strength of moral conviction, personal example and self-sacrifice, and unconventional tactics or behavior.They are perceived to have unusual insight and ability to act in a manner consistent with their vision and values. Gates has managed to display most of the characteristics of a transformational leader. Why I selected this Leadership style? The reason I chose transformational leadership as my desired leadership style because this leadership style is most reorient with my natural personality according to the traits of a transformational leader. I strive to be a transformational leader because transformational leaders in my experience are the most boffo and have more respect and loyalty from their followers.Transformational leaders have the ability to make an impact on not only organizational growth but also the personal and professional growth of those that work for and with them. I want to be a transform ational leader because I want to be a ascendent to the problem instead of complaining about or being part of the problem and I want to guide tidy sum to do the same. I sound by the old adage if youre not part of the solution you are part of the problem. Transformational leaders are part of the solution. Important determineThe values I feel are important for me to model the transformational leadership style are adaptability, openness, enthusiasm, and morality. Adaptability is an important value for a transformational leader to have because they must adapt their leadership style to the different personalities, invites, and skills of their team. Act as a mentor or a coach more so than a boss. claim and delegate work based on talents and interests, but also challenge their comfort zones. This was the value I struggle with the most because I am firm and I am at tine relentless in my beliefs and I sometime refuse to bend.In order for a transformational leaders to transform effectiv ely they need to foster innovation by challenging assumptions about what can and cannot be done. React to mistakes and failures in a way that shows that risk-taking is condoned. Give support, provide resources, and remove barriers to change. go about problems as learning opportunities. By showing that there is value in independent thinking and reward people who challenge. By allowing an atmosphere that promotes creativity and inspires change a leader has to be open to ideas that are different.In order to guide a team in the direction the leader needs the group to go is by measuring and monitoring results in order to even began to inspire anytime of inspirational a leader needs to scar with setting a vision, strategy, and goals. Then motivate them to bring their best by expressing the leaders passion, by communicating with confidence and optimism, and connecting tasks to a greater purpose. It is important for a leader to have morals and lead by example, and act with integrity and e thical standards with both behaviors and words.Just as small children mimic and emulate their parents, subordinates will take note of what their leader does and use it as a template for how they act and behave. It happens automatically and subconsciously, whether the behavior is positive or negativepeople will follow a leaders example. Model of a Transformational Leader In order to model the transformational leadership style there are certain skills competencies, experiences, knowledge and traits that a person needs to possess.According to the Piedmont Resources group a Real Estate consulting group and Small Business Advisor a transformational leader should possess 5 skills. Those skills are communicate vision and goals clearly and without uncertainty, being able to listen, collaborate and empower, build relationships, provide intellectual stimulation, and lead by example. In order for people to follow a leader a leader must be able to set the road map for the ride the group is abo ut to take. A true leader provides a clear direction with confidence and certainty.Hearing a massage and listening to a message are not the same thing, they are not hearing is a biological process that can be scientifically explained, listening is a mental phenomenon. Listening is the ability to process what you here. When a leader listens to their followers there collaboration becomes effective and then the leader can empower followers to create change. Relationship building is a given part of the leader and subordinate roles. Building Relationships that Work helps you revitalize the relationships that affect the quality and profitability of your business.It goes beyond strategies for influencing the behavior of others to provide a process for creating clear communications, effective collaboration, and relationships that achieve results (http//executiveeducation. wharton. upenn. edu, 2013). Transformational leaders form the efforts of their followers as regards innovativeness and creativity, stimulate permanent reexamination of the existent assumptions, stimulate change in the way of thinking about problems, and plead the use of analogy and metaphor.The last and most important skill needed by a transformational leader is the ability to lead by example a transformational leader needs to show followers the correct behavior by modeling allow actions. For me I am fulfilling my dream of being a leader in my company. I feel that I possess most of the qualities of a transformational leader. My only problem is that I have I am fairly new and I do not have an extensive leadership background that is needed to be a strong transformational leader. I think that I possess all of the skills needed to be a transformational leader.In fact I was just evaluated 2 weeks ago by our companys Vice President and I was complimented on being and effective and enthusiastic leader who turned a struggle team around. Conclusion Transformational leaders are individuals who with their o wn knowledge, imaginations and ability to influence the behavior of people, make conditions for transforming. The key to being a successful transformational leader is producing touchable change through people to achieve the companys ultimate goal through inspiration rather than fear, intrinsic rewards rather than monetary rewards and creating an atmosphere of innovation.Referenceshttp//executiveeducation.wharton.upenn.edu. (2013, July 13). Retrieved from The Wharton School Aresty Institute of Executive Education http//executiveeducation.wharton.upenn.edu/for-individuals/all-programs/building-relationships-that-work Lovaglia, M. J., Lucas, J. W., & Baxter, A. (2012). The Transforming Leader New Approaches To Leadership For The Twenty-First Century. (C. S. Pearson, Ed.) San Francisco, California Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc. Shriberg, D., & Shriberg, A. (2010). Practicing Leadership Principles and applications. Hoboken, NJ John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Innate Knowledge Locke Essay

The thought that military personnel atomic number 18 born with some sort of innate ideas has been a much debated topic for many years. It is hopeless to vocalize if it is true or non, but it is believed true by many deal, including some religions. John Locke has some(prenominal) seams against innate knowledge among these, the tilt that states that if we did in fact possess innate ideas, then everybody would fit on at least single idea. There ar no principles that everybody aggress on. Therefore, innate ideas cannot possibly exist. Locke uses the logic of this argument for several different situations such as the argument for moral innate knowledge.Locke starts off this argument by saying No moral principles so clear and so gener eithery received as the fore-mentioned speculative maxims. If those speculative maxims whereof we discoursed in the foregoing chapter, have not an actually universal assent from all mankind, as we there proved it is much more visible concerning practical principles, that they come short of a universal reception and I think it will be hard to instance any one moral rule which can pretend to so general and ready an assent as, What is, is, or to be so manifest a truth as this, That it is impossible for the same thing to be and not to be. (pg 26 An Essay Concerning Human Understanding) Some people believe that every person has a pin down of morals bestowed in them at birth, but Locke argues this by saying that not every person in the world agrees on a enured of morals so there is no possible counsel this could be true. He says that there is not a single moral idea that we can say that everybody in the world agrees to, which eliminates any question of innate knowledge. Descartes would disagree with Locke on the subject of innate ideas.He felt that we did possess these types of ideas and would probably reply to Lockes argument by saying that although all people may not agree on one moral idea, that doesnt mean that they do no t possess any innate idea, they may possess different ones. Descartes may also respond by saying that its Gods will for us to possess these ideas and only he knows wherefore everybody does not agree on a single one. This argument wouldnt hold up intimately against Lockes because it bes that moral ideas are developed depending on the religion or part of the world that a person is raised in.It seems much more plausible that, with human beingss at least, an infant is a dope slate and is taught everything that it will need to survive. It might be easier for Descartes to argue against animal innate knowledge since animals seem to possess it much more than humans do. Some animals are not in time raised by a parent, simply born and left to fend for themselves, but since Descartes also feels animals lack intelligence, I would create by mental act he would not begin to argue to possibility of them possessing any sort of innate knowledge. On this fussy subject, I would side more with Locke than Descartes.Locke addresses some serious issues that arise when suggesting that innate ideas exist. He says that if we did in fact possess innate ideas, then everybody would agree on at least one idea. There are no principles that everybody aggress on. Therefore, innate ideas cannot possibly exist. This seems to be a pretty obvious statement in the world today and since the beginning of time. People have always disagreed on anything they could and will always disagree. It is all told impossible to prove or disprove the existence of innate ideas, but Locke comes much closer to disproving them than anybody else does to proving them.It seems that in order for a person to prove the existence of these ideas, they would also need to prove the existence of a supreme being. The argument for innate knowledge in animals would be much more believable than the argument for innate knowledge in humans. When an infant is born, it is completely helpless it does not have the power to go o r understand they things around it and it cant even see more than 12 inches in front of its face. I find it hard to believe that anything this helpless could possible have any ideas slightly morals or anything else in the world.Animals have a sense of survival that humans lack. From the moment they are born, a majority of them learn to walk within minutes or hours, and some are even left by their parents to fend for themselves. This shows the possibility of innate knowledge much more than a human child and if we are all born with any type of agreement on a set or moral principles, why do we have a law we have to enforce? If we did agree on this subject, we would not have to prosecute anybody for breaking any moral code that our society sets for us to follow.

Aol time warner

The merger between the AOL and Time Warner is most sure as shooting a challenging undertaking. To mix a traditional culture existing at Time Warner as old company with the flexibility of the new AOL culture was both risky and promising.The merger promised Time Warner entree into the new digital markets where it lacked expertise and created synergies to consider. As a leader in interactive services and possessor of powerful Web brands, AOL could deliver performance in aras that promised the greatest growth in the years to come. At the same time, Time Warner with its large asset base created a climate in which AOL would have resources for the identification of the most ambitious projects and undertakings.The choices vary depending on the degree of freedom companies want to have in their operations. On the one hand, AOL and Time Warner could remain to function as twain separate entities, undivided by controversies. In this case, the merged company would only engage in cost-saving and some cross-marketing strategies to increase the profits of shareholders.On the contrary, the company give the sack choose to undertake a massive cultural overhaul in order to blend the two parts closer together. This choice is extremely risky as the two cultures represent different poles of managerial culture.In my opinion, the first choice is the most rational as both companies would need time to understand what they are dealing with. Previously functioning as part of either AOL or Time Warner, the two administrator teams have elaborated their own approaches and positions, and bringing those closer together would be difficult.Both companies would thus have more than time to study each others assembly line models and learn the best aspects of culture and business practices. The restructuring has to be carried out proportionately to the size of both companies, or, alternatively, inclusion of executives from each company on the mesa could be equal. In this way, the merger wou ld respect both cultures and give them time to adjust to each other.